Ground Water Level Controlling by Changing Cultivation Pattern in Arid and Semi Arid Regions

摘要

Water scarcity is a crucial problem in arid and semi-arid areas. There are different ideas for solving water shortage in these areas. Ground water level falls in the recent years drastically in Hamedan-Bahar Plain region. Groundwater is used for agriculture and drinking water of Hamedan city-located in the western part of Iran. About 70 percent of drinking water of this city is provided from water wells. These water wells exist in the Hamedan-Bahar Plain region. In this paper, different parameters influencing in ground water level falling in the Hamedan-Bahar Plain region are explained. For sustainable water resources management, it is necessary to study the pattern of cultivation, plant water requirements, and selecting the pattern of cultivation according to local condition. Thus, it is necessary to change pattern of cultivation from crops with high water requirement such as potato and alfalfa to crops with low water requirement such as colza, this crop consume lower amount of water and also its income is like earlier crops- so that with cultivation of colza instead of potato and alfalfa, 3500 cubic meter are save in each hectare and taking into consideration with large area that these crops are cultivate , can be compensated water ground fall and get and provide drinking water of Hamedan. With changing the cultivation pattern it is possible to decrease ground water level falling.