Quantum gates using the orbital angular momentum of photons

摘要

A quantum field theory approach is presented to show that paraxial photons of any frequency in the full electromagnetic spectrum may posses arbitrary values of the orbital angular momentum along their propagation direction. Our framework also enables to propose multi-dimensional geometric quantum gates exploiting the orbital angular momentum of photons. The action of these gates is shown to be describable in a remarkably compact form by resorting to the Wigner representation.