Use of Nuclear Power on the Lunar and Martian Surface

摘要

Nuclear power has been utilized for space systems since the early 1960's. In the future, nuclear power may be an important component of surface exploration systems. Nuclear energy may be used to provide heat and electricity for sensors, rovers, laboratories, and in situ resource utilization activities. When used for surface power, Radioisotope Power Systems (RPS's) and fission reactors share several similar concerns, such as radiator geometry and effects of an atmosphere. Reactors and RPSs also differ in several ways, such as safety and control. This paper outlines considerations for using nuclear surface power on the moon and Mars, and discusses several possible uses of nuclear power for surface activities.