Gas Bubble Nucleation of Extra-Heavy Oils in Porous Media: A New Computerized Tomography Technique and Physical Approach

摘要

The study of multiphase flow pore level physic has scientific appeal as well as many applications, mainly in oil reservoir engineering. In this work, we show that micro-tomography is an effective tool to extract the structure of many solid systems in a non-destructive and classical manner. Recently, X-ray computed tomography tools have been extended to the ability to contrast fluids in the pore space of core samples. As time required for collecting a CT image is much longer than almost flow time scales, CT imaging must occur at static flow conditions to accurate geometrical information on fluid-fluid and solid – fluid interaction. Considering new decisive developments of the visualization cell we claim to have developed a new petrophysical tool which might permit to access experimentally to the visualization in quasi-static flow of the capillary phenomena and multiphase flows analysis in 3D form or in dynamic flow in 2D form. The in-situ measurements are realized in reservoir conditions of extra-heavy oils. The aim of the measurements is first to contribute to a predictive bubble population balance which will then be integrated in a network flow model computation. This step is required to develop physical models to obtain a more efficient reservoir simulation. More precisely we focus our attention on a quasi static model of bubble nucleation which appears decisive and we demonstrate how to simulate the whole bubble nucleation and the corresponding experimental results to corroborate the experimental observations. We focus here on the influence of the gas availability in the porous media (diffusivity, GOR or porous media morphology).