History Matching and Production Forecast with Logs, as Effective Completion and Reservoir Managing Tools in Horizontal and Vertical Wells

摘要

Simulation history matching is a daunting, time-consuming task with numerous unknowns and several plausible answers. Scale differences in the data frequently obscure results, precluding its effective application in completion strategies. Good history matching does not guarantee accurate production forecasts. Reliable predictions, required for well planning, depend on our ability to reduce the uncertainties to find consistent and timely solutions. Logs can provide appropriate conditioning data for history matching and to manage the reservoir. We prove it with field data. Electrofacies, absolute, relative permeability and capillary pressure, imprinted on logs, can be mathematically linked with irreducible water saturation. Logs are at the right scale for completion designs. They facilitate upscaling, honoring rock and fluid properties, and the physics of flow. Logs are snapshot measurements, amenable for conversion into dynamic forecasting tools employing flow and pressure equations. This concept permits creation of synthetic production logs over time, to calculate production decline. We introduce the integrated utilization of material balance, flow-pressure algorithms, fluid data, cores and logs. We represent every well as a finite, gridded tank, capable of producing measurable volume of fluids, limited by its petrophysical constrains. Superposition, in terms of pressure and flow, combines the various components, within and amongst wells. Quality of the results is ensured, since material balance must withstand at every depth at all times, under different production scenarios and the prevailing driving mechanism. With this log handling, we help to take strategic economic decisions to maximize reserves and optimize the reservoir development plan. We obtain oil in place, drainage radii, lateral connectivity, fluid bank arrival times, productivity indices, inflow performance, production allocation and recovery per zone, per well, parameters generally not provided by other methods. We streamline completion designs and conformance, the day to day managing of the reservoir, with this refined use of logs.