THE BEHAVIOUR OF RADIONUCLIDES AND CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS IN TERRESTRIAL AND WATER ECOSYSTEMS OF URALS REGION

摘要

One of the regions of Russia, with extreme ecological conditions is the Ural. On the territory of region some large industrial complexesare located, which structure includes enterprises of nuclear fuel cycling, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry mining, and fuel industry all having an impacton the ecological situation. In this connection ecologists of such a diverse structure studies are developed to investigate the condition of the environment, disclosing any regularities in the evolution of the ecological conditions in the region, with a forecasting goal. Some results of researches conducted by two scientific collectives of Institute of Ecology of plants and Animals of the Urals division of RAS are represented one of which attends to problems of radioecology, and the other study of the influence on terrestrial ecosystems of chemical contaminants. The purpose of the work is: 1) to show features of radionuclides contamination of bog-river ecosystems near the NPP and to evaluate its function as a biogeochemical barrier to migration of radionuclides towards underlying links of a river system; 2) to present a system of practical and theoretical approaches to be used for the installation of limits of stability of natural ecosystems against the action of pollutants.