NASA envisions advanced technologies and protocols for their missions using space-based networks. The space-based network technology considers the ground stations and the spacecrafts to be a part of one large network, where a spacecraft can potentially connect to a large number of ground stations during its orbit. However, the technology introduces easy access to the spacecraft from the ground, in turn increasing the security risks. Additionally, space-based networks are formed among heterogeneous network entities. Thus, a generic security solution for all communication components may not be well suited. In this work, we study the architecture of space-based networks, and provide a classification for the network entities based on their characteristics. Based on the requirements and limitations of the classification, we provide suitable key management solution for enhanced security and strong authentication.
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