DEPARTURE EXCLUSION ZONE MONITORING SYSTEM CONCEPT

摘要

This paper highlights a concept for a Departure Exclusion Zone tool (DEZ). Wake turbulence accidents and incidents have been, and continue to be, a significant contributor to the worldwide safety statistics. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has raised concern over "the adequacy of air traffic control procedures" and "pilot knowledge related to the avoidance of wake vortices." The safety concern of wake vortices, particularly when lighter aircraft are following heavy aircrafts, has caused the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to enact minimum separation requirements during the arrival and departure phases of flight. The wake-turbulence separation criteria, while necessary, are currently a limiting factor in several airport capacities. Current air traffic control procedures on vortex has focused on aircraft separations 2.5 miles at some facilities on arrival to airports, but in many cases, the departure queues for certain runways are more severely limiting to airport capacity than are arrival constraints. This paper examines the technical requirements for a system that relieves the departure constraints enhancing the efficiency of runway operations. The proposed system uses the Flight Management System (FMS)/autopilot to establish tracks that avoid the wake of the preceding aircraft. The Europeans are mandating Downlink of Aircraft Parameters (DAP) of certain aircraft flight data parameters that make it possible to add the elements needed to calculate the wake characteristics of any model aircraft. These additional parameters are called extended DAP (e{sup left}DAP). Given that an aircraft can provide meteorological (wind, temperature and air density) and state data (model, speed, weight, etc), the wake vortices can be calculated with sufficient accuracy to develop individual departure routes (tracks) for each aircraft to avoid the wake of the preceding aircraft. The proposed DEZ system acquires the aircraft data, calculates the exclusion zone for each aircraft and provides the results to the controller's display and to the cockpit.