Acoustic Liquid-Level Determination of Liquid Loading in Gas Wells

摘要

Acoustic liquid level tests are performed successfully on many different types of wells throughout the world. The most common application of an acoustic liquid level instrument is to measure the distance to the liquid level in the casing annulus of a well. A less common technique is acquiring an acoustic fluid level by "shooting" the well down the tubing. The results from this type of test on a gas well can be used to determine 1) the amount of liquid and backpressure on the formation, 2) the gas rate into tubing, 3) the equivalent fluid gradient below the liquid level, and 4) the flowing bottom hole pressure. In this paper, surface acoustic data (via shooting down the tubing) and bottomhole data were acquired simultaneously to confirm the calculated results from the acoustic data. The benefit of using the portable fluid level instrumentation is such that it permits a simple cost effective test to be conducted quickly to immediately identify underperforming gas wells due to liquid loading problems. The information obtained during this straightforward test provides critical data in determining the well's potential and the ideal artificial lift technique. Fluid level instruments can be used to inexpensively determine liquid loading and its severity for gas wells as opposed to traditional methods, which are more intrusive and costly.