Understanding the Tropospheric Transport and Fate of Semivolatile Pest Management Chemicals

摘要

Various stable tracer and elevated temperature laboratory approaches have been recently developed to assess the photochemical and oxidative fate of semi-to-low volatility agrochemicals. These specialized systems have been used to ascertain environmentally relevant reaction rates for various organochlorine, organophosphorus, and dinitroaniline agrochemicals. The use of tracer and elevated temperature approaches can provide the most useful information on tropospheric reaction rates for various semivolatile agrochemicals, subject to certain atmospheric dilution considerations and temperature constraints. When more detailed exposure information is desired for a specific agrochemical, especially in high-use agricultural areas, these specialized atmospheric fate evaluations together with structure activity relation modeling should be considered. The integration of laboratory estimates of reaction rates, atmospheric models, together with real world monitoring data will provide the best available scientific information for assessing exposure risks from airborne agrochemicals and their reaction products.