Intense high-order harmonics generated with femtosecond laser pulses at relativistic intensities interacting with high-density plasmas

摘要

High-order harmonics generated by weakly relativistic femtosecond laser pulses interacting with solid and thin foil targets were studied. It was found that the conversion efficiency is one or two orders of magnitude larger than that of gas-harmonics and thus due to the high laser intensity also the harmonics are very intense. In addition, anomalies and complex interference structures have been observed in the harmonic spectra of the solid targets. They are explained by simulations. Furthermore, for the first time intense harmonics were observed from thin foil targets and, in particular, from the target rear side. This type of studies provides a promising tool for obtaining information about the laser plasma interaction itself, e.g., on the presence of large fields and oscillations inside the foil up to a penetration depth comparable to the laser wavelength.