The substantial urban congestion problems in European cities have led to substantial economic loss and unacceptable environmental deregulation, accident rates and social inequalities. The growing problems have been addressed at both national and European levels by a range of activities focussed on managing the levels of demand for road transport, providing support and priorities for public transport and non-motorized users, to encourage more sustainable decisions by travellers and by encouraging the uptake of more fuel efficient, safer and less polluting vehicles. Many research initiatives have been undertaken by the EC and key urban initiatives which are described relate to CIVITAS. The paper reviews recent and current initiatives.
展开▼
