THE NORDIC ELECTRICITY MARKET. DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCONNECTIONS AND COOPERATION BETWEEN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES

摘要

This paper presents the historic development of the cooperation in the electricity supply industry between the Nordic countries, including a description of the establishment of interconnectors. The liberalization process in the 1990's is described. The creation of TSO (Transmission System Operator) entities and a common electricity market is explained. The development of market prices after deregulation is shown. Capacity reserves are commented upon as well as energy production capability and investments in new transmission capacity. The main elements of the Nordel system operation agreement are presented, and the congestion management principles in the Nordic system are explained.