Thermodynamic and Economic Assessment of Two Semi-Closed CO{sub}2 Cycles for Emission Abatement and Power Augmentation at Compressor Stations

摘要

Concerns about the effects of greenhouse gas emissions on the Earth's climate have lead to a considerable focus by the public and governments on the levels of emissions that are generated by industrial activities. In Canada, it has been recognized that gas transmission systems are rated second in overall CO{sub}2 production in the Natural Gas Industry (next to gas processing). Most of the gas transmission systems are powered by gas turbines at compressor stations resulting in significant CO{sub}2 emissions (at the rate of ～6 kilo tonnes/per MW-year). This can be reduced if the CO{sub}2 can be separated from the gas turbine exhaust stream and directed for reuse or sequestration. This paper presents results of techno-thermodynamic assessment of two power cycle adjustments to increase CO{sub}2 concentrations in the exhaust gas from turbines. The working fluid in the two semi-closed cycles are made rich in CO{sub}2, thus making it easy to capture the CO{sub}2 from the flue gas by means of physical absorption techniques rather than by the conventional expensive amine adsorption methods. Additionally, the CO{sub}2 rich working fluid is shown to give rise to a higher exhaust gas temperature from the gas turbine semi-closed cycles, allowing a steam bottom cycle to be effective in augmenting the power delivered by the entire system by 50%, hence contributing to reducing emission by increasing the overall thermal efficiency of the system.