Rehabilitation of 100 years old masonry dams in Germany

摘要

Around 1900 Prof. Intze designed and built about 40 masonry dams in Germany. They have a height of about 25 to 50m, are slightly curved in plan and have a sealing on the upstream face combined with a drainage curtain. Investigations in the safety of the dams showed, that at most of the dams the uplift pressure and the pore pressure was much higher than acceptable. Different solutions were developed for rehabilitation. Two of them are shown: 1. New concrete shell on the upstream face, connected to the foundation by a drainage gallery. 2. Grouting of the dam body and the foundation with cement combined with a drainage system. This consists of a blasted gallery and a new curtain of drainage borings in the dam and the foundation. The rehabilitation work has to be accompanied by the control of seepage, uplift-pressure and deformations. It is always necessary to undertake structural computations using these detailed information to verify the success of the rehabilitation.