MEASUREMENT METHODS FOR PHOTOACTIVE MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS

摘要

In this paper, we have described only some of the methods and techniques used to investigate and test solar cells, cell modules and the materials used in their production. Most of these measurement techniques are of general application (in other fields of science), but some have been specially developed for investigation or parameter determination of solar cells. Some of the techniques are already standard, and are commercially available, while others are only available in individual laboratories as custom equipment.