Yield of Drought Resistant Rice Mutants Under Water and Salinity Stress in Desert and Semi-Desert Soils and Drip Irrigation

摘要

In a sandy-loam soil (62.2% sand, 13.2% clay, 24.6% silt), pH of soil 6.9 and of irrigation water 6.3 EC = 0.4 m mohs and under drip irrigation with 7200 mm~3 per hectare (HA), paddy yield of 22 mutants of rice (drought ― resistant ― rice mutants = DRRM = Sahrawi rice) ranged from 6048 kg/HA line (Hegazi -Gow) to 13302 kg/HA in (Hegazi - fow) line while that of the control (the wide spread local cultivar of ordinary rice Giza 177) produced only 796 kg/HA under the same circumstances. In a silty loam saline soil (26% sand, 63% silt, 11% clay), pH of soil 8.72, EC = 29.2dS/m, pH of irrigation water 8.40 and EC = 2.15 dS/m and under 2000 m~3 of surface irrigation per HA, paddy yield of the same 22 DRRMs ranged from 403 kg/HA (Hegazi ― Gow line) to 8731 kg/HA (Hegazi ―LIC line) while that of the control (the ordinary rice wide spread cultivar Giza 177) produced only 288 kg/HA. The above mentioned drought-resistant rice mutants = sahrawi rice lines bred true producing good yield since 1992 and they could be planted in Sahra (deserts). Their consumption is about one half of irrigation water of that of ordinary rice varieties. They also could be irrigated by drip irrigation.