The fracture toughness tests were carried out on three point bend specimens with sharp slits, which were machined from different positions of bovine femur so as for the slit directions to be circumferential and longitudinal. The effects of microstructure and moisture on fracture characteristics of compact bone of bovine femur were investigated with the cooperation of fractography in the present study. The fracture toughness, K_Q, of the specimen with circumferential direction slit is greater than that of the specimen with longitudinal direction slit. The fracture toughness, K_Q, of anterior and lateral positions is obviously greater than that of posterior and medial positions when the slit direction is circumferential. K_Q of the wet specimen is greater than that of the dry specimen. The rougher the fracture surface is, the greater the K_Q is.
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