The guidance of underwater vehicles presents a high challenge for the applied algorithms. The difficulties are mainly determined by the highly non-linear behavior of the vehicle, the very complicated position determination and - resulting from the vehicle's behavior - a robust design of the autopilot. Multisensor fusion is used for hundreds of years on sailing ships and is also a proven concept for the position calculation of underwater vehicles. This paper gives an overview of the techniques used for navigation of a remotely operated and an autonomous vehicle.
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