Plasma technology in the deactivation of spent ion-exchangers

摘要

Kinds of plasma applied in the removal of various waste substances are described and diagrams of plasma devices based on the arc discharge phenomenon shown. The advantages and disadvantages of these devices as well as their applications are discussed, problems concerning spent ion exchangers presented and a solution proposed on the basis of the application of an arc plasmatron generating a jet of argon plasma. The thermal stability of the plasmatron and energy distribution over its elements have been tested. Utilisation of a spent ion exchanger at energy ranging from 7.3 to 14.5 kJ per gram of substrate has been attempted and the stability of its operation estimated on the basis of variations in the electrical parameters of the device. The products obtained have in turn been evaluated for mass decrement and degree of charring. Conductivity variations in solutions obtained by mixing treatment products with tap water have also been measured.