The Pechan-Avanti Group (Pechan-Avanti) recently performed a comprehensive review of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's current national ammonia emission estimates (National Particulates Inventory, Version 2) and made recommendations for improvements to the inventory. Recommendations for improvements include the use of updated emissions data, improved temporal and spatial allocation of emissions, and the addition of source categories currently not included in NPI2. A review of recent global, national, and regional ammonia emissions inventory work was also performed. A summary of the methods recommended for making the inventory improvements and applicable data sources is given in this paper. In summary, improvements included the following: improving emission estimates and temporal and spatial allocation from livestock operations; improving emission estimation and temporal allocation from fertilizer application; adding emission estimates (and temporal/spatial allocation data) for crop canopy losses; adding emission estimates (and temporal/spatial allocation data) for soils; updating emission estimates for heavy-duty vehicles and potentially for light-duty vehicles, updating/creating emission estimates for utility and industrial point sources; and consideration of other unaccounted source categories (e.g., human activities, biomass burning, and oceans).
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