Fugitive PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) Emissions from an Urban Intersection in Sacramento, California

摘要

The U.S. EPA provides a predictive equation for calculating fugitive dust emission rates from traffic on paved roads in "Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors," also known as AP-42~1. There has been some concern over their relevance to real-world conditions, though, and few studies have been conducted to compare measurements with calculations. The University of California conducted a series of field tests during the month of August, 1995 to measure the PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentrations upwind and downwind of an urban intersection in Sacramento, California. We combined these measurements with concurrently measured meteorological data to estimate fugitive dust emission rates from the intersection traffic. We found that the measured emission rates compare reasonably well with the calculated values from AP-42. However, the measured silt loadings were much lower than expected from the guidance provided in AP-42, and showed a high variability for replicate measurements. We also found that the intersection enhanced the PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentrations near the intersection, but approximately 100 meters downwind the concentrations were close to the upwind values.