Hybrid organic-inorganic materials designed to clean wash ater in photographic processing:Genesis of a sol-gel industrial product:the Kodak Water Saving Treatment System

摘要

Environmental laws concerning the water are becoming more and more stringent year after year in European Union (AT2950 France,Legge Merli in Italy).The classical silver halide photoprocessing requires at least 3 steps which are the development,the fixing and the wash.The washing step uses a large amount of water which is discarded in the sewer.By July 2000 a new French regulation imposed that the volume of wash water has to be divided by 5 and the nature of pollutants (silver in different species) has to be maintained below 1 mg/L.