RADIATION RISKS AT LOW RADIATION DOSES

摘要

Few, if any, estimates of radiation risk for low doses of ionizing radiation (0.2-0.3 Gy) exist that are based on direct epidemiological studies. The prediction of the radiation induction of malignant tumors in this range of low doses is normally based on the extrapolation of observed risk coefficients from relatively high doses (> 1 Gy) to low doses. In this sense, the data accumulated since the Chernobyl accident are of singular value. Indeed, during the first 10 years of follow-up, large volumes of epidemiological data have been collected, characterizing the health status of hundreds of thousands of persons who received low doses. This work focuses on the direct epidemiological assessment of the risk of radiation-induced solid cancer, leukemia and thyroid cancer in emergency workers (EW) after the Chernobyl accident. Analysis of radiation risks is performed on the basis of data of Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry (RNMDR) in which medical and dosimetric data on 168 thousand of emergency workers are kept.