Deregulation and liberalization, high loads of renewable energies and high fuel prices change the requirements for new power plants. The customer focus is the optimization of life cycle costs driven by features like high efficiency, high power output and operating flexibility. Siemens Reference Power Plants are developed with the main emphasis on the above mentioned requirements of modern power markets. Through methods like Quality Function Deployment (QFD) the requirements of power producers are identified and considered in the plant design. A feedback process from projects in construction and commissioning as well as from operating plants ensures a closed lessons learned loop into the Reference Power Plant development. One result of the QFD workshops is the customer focus on single shaft plants. These plants meet the power producer's need for lowest life cycle cost better than 1x1 multi shafts due to higher availability, higher efficiency and less required space. In the 400 MW class, Siemens provides two 50 Hz single shaft Reference Power Plants called SCC5-4000F Single Shaft. Both are based on the SGT5-4000F gas turbine (formerly known as V94.3A), the SGen5-2000H hydrogen cooled generator (formerly known as THRI) and a steam turbine coupled through a self shifting and synchronizing (SSS) clutch to the generator. The steam turbine of choice depends on the condenser back pressure, mainly influenced by the cooling condition: The SST5-5000, combined HP/IP, double flow LP turbine, (formerly known as KN) shows outstanding performance at low back pressure, the SST5-3000, HP turbine, combined IP/LP turbine, (formerly known as HE) ensures best economic value for higher back pressure. A second topic addressed by power producers is the need for high operating flexibility. For that reason, all Siemens Reference Plants are designed for both, daily cycling and for base load operation. This flexibility capability was proven through operating units that must cope with different load regimes depending on seasonal electricity demand. The paper addresses the Reference Power Plant development process, the single shaft design referring to a SCC5-4000F Single Shaft (SST5-5000) and features for high operating flexibility.
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