The City of Houston's small diameter tunnels and pipe jacking projects

摘要

In 1987 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC) mandated that the City of Houston upgrade its sanitary sewer system to control overflows. Houston encompasses nearly 600 square miles (1550 km~2) making it the fourth largest city in the United States. A total of 190 miles (305 km) of sewer lines had to be rehabilitated or constructed by December, 1997 to meet the EPA and TNRCC mandates. The cost fo this project is