RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF THE TECHA RIVER

摘要

In radiation and other accidents, it is a major problem to evaluate integrated environmental exposure, since measurements are taken some time after the accident when radiation or other decay has considerably reduced the pollution to be measured. This deficiency in the data must be filled by models. We have developed a compartmental dynamic model for radionuclide fate and transport in Techa River. The database ENVIRONMENT was used for the testing and validation of these models. This database was developed in the Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine (URCRM, Chelyabinsk, Russia) and contains: (ⅰ) archival data on radioactive source term and environmental monitoring provided by the Plutonium Production Association "Mayak" (Chelyabinsk Region), (ⅱ) environmental measurements and whole body counting of exposed population carried out at the URCRM. The model is being successfully applied to describe radionuclide transport in the Techa River and to reconstruct radiation doses for the Techa River populations. This model is modest in requirements and allows a greater flexibility in environmental applications.