This paper, taking as an example the construction of Wanjiazhai soil gallery belonging to the project of diversion project of the Yellow River, deals with the essential factors affecting the stability of tunnel excavation, based upon in site measuring of deep displacements of surrounding soilmass, forces on steel ribs of a reinforced concrete cage, earth pressures, compression between two supporting linings and upon analysing on the variation law of the above factors. Some problems which should be noted in monitoring are also put forward.
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