Macroscopic description of heat transfer in porous media may require the introduction of non-local thermal equilibrium, two-energy equation models. The primary thrust of this review is on the fundamentals of transport phenomena in unconsolidated and consolidated engineered porous media. After a brief discussion of some applications, a two-equation models based on mixture and volume average theories are compared. Transport coefficients needed for implementation of the model equations for predicting transport in unconsolidated and consolidated porous media are reviewed. Examples illustrating application of two-equation models are presented and discussed. Some future research needs related to convective transport in porous media for which a two-equation energy model is needed are identified and discussed.
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