Safety performance of the full harness in various falling postures of wearer

摘要

Fundamental safety measure for falling is to prepare flat and effective wide workplace with guardrails. However, their countermeasures may be difficult to apply for short-duration works and disaster relief works. In such cases, the fall arrest system has been applied to the height workplaces. This study focuses on fundamental characteristics of full body harness in various postures of wearer during falling. Three kinds of situation, such as (1) leg first fall, (2) head first fall, and (3) stop falling when the wearer body in parallel to the ground, were considered to recognize the performance. Experiments were carried out using 735N of human dummy, called Hybrid III pedestrian 50%tile model in the automobile industry. The shock-absorber of the Lanyards used in this study were designed about 4kN. Impact force acting on hook, head accelerations, and a chest displacement were measured during falling. From the results, not only the vertical acceleration of the human dummy but also horizontal were measured. Due to the horizontal acceleration, a huge bending moment acting on the dummy's neck observed in several situations. It indicates that the wearer may have risks of whiplash or more serious injuries such as dislocation of cervical vertebrae or spinal injuries. Chest deformations measured in this study were not also small for aged workers. It indicates that there are some risks of rid fractures or related chest injuries. The back of the head crashed aggressively to the D-ring of the full harness when the dummy rebounded due to stop falling by lanyard. Therefore, special helmet to resist the impact force due to D-ring, and the design force of shock-absorber should be reconsidered.