Simple and Low-Cost Heartbeat-Based Dual Modular Redundant Systems for Wireless Sensor Networks

摘要

Sensor node lifetimes have become a critical issue in the operation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The redundancy technique can improve the reliability and availability of WSN sensor nodes. However, augmenting sensor nodes with a redundancy mechanism increases the cost and performance of the system. In this paper, to improve sensor node reliability without increasing costs, we investigate three dual modular redundancy systems using low-cost hardware and a heartbeat mechanism with a UART and direct UDP channels. The proposed systems exhibit three advantages - low latency, cost-effectiveness, and easy configuration. We find that the average failover time for our DMR implementation using the direct UDP connection is 379 ms.