Sustainable Measurement Model of Renewable Energy Sources: An Application in Port Located in the South Region of Brazil

摘要

Several ports worldwide use renewable energy sources such as: wind, photovoltaic and wave energy. Rotterdam in the Netherlands, Genoa in Italy, Hartlepool in the United Kingdom, Kitakyushu in Japan, Port Kembla in Australia, Gothenburg in Sweden, ports in Spain, San Diego, Tokyo and Los Angeles can be cited. Regarding Brazilian ports, the Pecem Port in Ceara implemented wave energy; however, due to the need for adjustments and further investments, it is no longer operational. The main goal behind the study is to propose and test a sustainability measurement model for renewable energy sources for Brazilian ports, identifying the most appropriate clean energy. In order to define the evaluation criteria for the model, information from literature, legislation and rulings (environmental, social, economic and national energy policies) were considered alongside an evaluation by 10 experts through the Lawshe method. The criteria were classified through the Phrase Completion scale; the scale presents 11 points, where zero indicates the absence of the attribute (excellence) and 10 indicates the presence of all possible levels of excellence. Finally, the Renewable Energy Sustainability Partial Score, Renewable Energy Sustainability Score and Renewable Energy Corporate Sustainability Grid were applied. This model was applied in a port enterprise located in the South Region of Brazil and indicated that the photovoltaic energy is regarded as the most appropriate to be used, matching the environmental, social and economic criteria. The model is applicable to companies with different characteristics, regardless of industrial sector and geographic location of the company.