The Carrier Development for Biofilms on the Basis of Technogenic Wastes for Pollutants Treatment in the Environmental Protection Technologies

摘要

The advantages of the environment protection systems operated with the use of cell immobilization were analyzed. This paper focuses on the determination of the formed features of mineral carrier based on the technogenic secondary resource use (phosphogypsum and fly ash) for hydrogen sulfide removal technologies. The results of research show that oxygen diffusion was difficult at a depth of penetration of a bacterial matrix around 1.5-2.5 mm in the phosphogypsum granules of large size (diameter > 5 mm). The main processes of aerobic conversion occurred in the granules from 3 to 5 mm with the oxidation of sulfur compounds, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur oxides, to produce biosulfur. The depth of bacterial matrix penetration increased with diameter increase, because the components of the granules were transformed as a mineral substrate. Various mechanisms of fixing biomass on carriers based on technogenic mineral resource was studied for assessment of biomass productivity out of the carrier layer. The optimal hardening time for the granules stabilization was determined under an internal interlayer of the immobilized biomass conditions and the efficiency of sulfide oxidation was estimated.