With the increasing call to improve the functionality and life cycle of structures and systems, the science of NDE is expanding in many directions and its importance is growing rapidly. The selection of a particular NDE method, approach or technique depends not only on the components to be checked and evaluated, but also on the importance of the characteristics to be monitored. Until recently, whether for quality inspection and verification, or property depiction and characterization, conventional NDE techniques, methods and approaches were used. The venue of new emerging/nano/smart materials combined with the introduction of structural health monitoring increased the potential use of NDE for more applications. Nano and smart emerging materials lead to improved monitoring of the health of a smart system and therefore better control of its passive, active or adaptive functions. Nano and Smart materials open up new and fascinating frontiers for NDE research in science and engineering and broaden its applications, particularly in Aerospace.
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