To tackle the challenges of future distribution systems, dc is being reconsidered. However, broad adoption of dc distribution systems requires additional research into the modeling, stability, protection and control of these systems. Previous research presents modeling methods that only consider monopolar configurations and do not take mutual couplings into account. Therefore, this paper presents a state-space method that can be applied to any dc distribution system, regardless of configuration and mutual couplings. Moreover, it shows how the state-space matrices can be derived in a programmatic manner. Furthermore, the models are validated using an experimental dc microgrid set-up. Due to the mathematical nature, the presented modeling method can be applied easily, and the stability and control can be analyzed algebraically.
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