Supporting Energy Efficient Train Operation by Using Gamification to Motivate Train Drivers

摘要

The objective of this paper is to show how a gamification system and an associated portal can be designed, whose purpose is to enhance employee motivation, based on a real-world example of a system created for a railway operator. The goal of that system is to motivate train drivers to drive more effectively i.e. consuming minimal energy, while still adhering to safety, punctuality and passenger comfort requirements and at the same time to achieve motivation internalization. The key components of energy efficient driving train operation are shown, as well as the main obstacles in implementing them, the chief among them being motivation. Self Determination Theory (SDT) is then presented and with it the three main human needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy that according to SDT form the basis of intrinsic motivation. Consequently, gamification theory is introduced together with its most important mechanics and components. These gamification elements are then mapped onto relevant SDT-related needs and a gamification framework is developed using points, badges, leaderboards, challenges and missions, systematic and direct feedback and inter group competition. This framework is currently being implemented in a major Polish regional railway operator.