Intensification of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling: influence of second metal addition, reactor type and visible light irradiation

摘要

Suzuki cross-coupling is an important reaction of C-C bond formation that uses arylhalides and arylboronic acids as starting compounds. Suzuki reaction is often used in the synthesis of APIsand new functional materials[1]. Homogeneous Pd complexesare traditionallyused as catalysts for the Suzuki reaction with high yields of desired products [2]. Last decades the development of new ligandless palladium catalysts is of high importance, since they can be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused [3]. In order to improve the efficiency of cross-coupling processes, bimetallic ligandless catalysts can be used since they allow: increasing the lifetime of catalysts due to the decrease of palladium leaching; carrying out cross-coupling at milder reaction conditions; increasing activity and selectivity in comparison with monometallic analogues.