Quality of Life of Pregnant Women in the Dimensions of Physical Health Aspects, Psychological well-being, Social Relations and Environment in Medan, North Sumatera Province

摘要

The quality of life of pregnant women suffering from HIV-AIDS infection is very much affected by physical health aspects, psychological well-being, social relations and environmental life in the surrounding societies. This study aimed at analyzing the quality of life of HIV-AIDS-infected pregnant women in Medan, North Sumatera. The research design was comparative descriptive methodology with 64 pregnant women recruited as samples, comprising of 32 HIV-AIDS-infected pregnant women and the other 32 HIV-AIDS-negative pregnant women. The data were taken by proposing respondents to answer demographic questionnaires and questionnaires regarding quality of life that had been modified to relate to pregnancy referring to questionnaires designed by WHO namely WHOQOL-BREF. The data were analysed by testing independent t-test. The research on quality of life of pregnant women on the four dimensions resulted that the quality of life of HIV-AIDS-positive pregnant women on the dimension of physical health aspect is 81.2% moderate and 15.6% poor; on the dimension of psychological health 78.1% moderate and 9.4% poor; on the dimension of social relation 87.5% moderate and 12.5% poor; and on the dimension of environmental support 78.3% moderate and 9.4% poor. Then the quality of life of HIV-AIDS-negative pregnant women on the dimension of physical health is 65.6% moderate; on the psychological well-being 53.1% moderate; on the dimension of social relation 68.8% moderate and 12.5% poor; on the dimension of environmental support 84.4% moderate and no poor quality found on this dimension. There is a difference between those qualities of life of HIV-AIDS-positive pregnant women and HIV-AIDS-negative pregnant women by p=0.000. In general conclusion, the quality of life of pregnant women infected by HIV-AIDS is worse than that of HIV-AIDS-negative pregnant women. Thus it is needed that health care providers, family members and societies maximize their helping those HIV-AIDS-positive pregnant women in adapting to physical and psychological state to improve their quality of life on each dimension.