Local Normal and Tangential Ice Forces on the R. V. Polarstern

摘要

The forebody of the Research Vessel Polarstern was instrumented tomeasure normal and tangential ice forces on two 1-m~2 areas, one midbowand the other on the shoulder of the hull. Simultaneous time seriesrecords of the normal and tangential ice forces on both areas were usedto examine the nature of ice friction on the hull. The friction coefficientvaried inversely with the magnitude of the normal force and dependedon whether the normal force was increasing or decreasing. The dataallowed the more detailed examination of the apparent relation betweennormal and transvers forces. Friction coefficients averaged 0.5 fornormal forces less than 100 kN, but deceased to values in the range0.05 to 0.15 for normal forces greater than 500 kN.