Dynamic Beaconing using Probability Density Functions in Cooperative Vehicular Networks

摘要

Vehicular networks comprise vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications based on wireless radio access technologies. These networks require the periodic exchange of beacon messages between neighboring vehicles, to support cooperative road safety applications. The regular broadcast of beacon in the common control channel (CCH) using the IEEE 802.11p standard can lead to interference and recurrent packet collisions. This issue impacts negatively in the quality and freshness of the beaconing information which is essential to detect and mitigate potentially dangerous traffic situations on time. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a dynamic beaconing strategy where both beacon rate and transmit power are assigned by means of probability density functions (PDFs). The idea is to know which PDF is more convenient to increase the system's performance according to vehicular scenario characteristics. We investigate four types of PDFs, attending to four different performance metrics, in four distinct vehicular scenarios, using the well established Veins (Vehicles in network simulation) framework. The simulation results show that a beaconing strategy based on uniform PDF is convenient in scenarios with high vehicle density and low relative speed, whereas a beaconing strategy based on normal PDF is suitable in scenarios with high relative speed and low vehicle density.