In the 1970's major changes in the way paper board and other packaging-paper grades were manufactured meant that, for some manufacturers, paper end-use performance became the aim of production rather than simpler criteria like basis weight, moisture and burst alone. This change allowed basis weight levels to drop wherever performance could be improved. Properties could even be lowered if the end-use application allowed, resulting in large cost savings and a re-assessment of production strategies and material usage. The advent of continuous performance property measurement on the paper machine requires another re-assessment of manufacturing strategies. Paper machines are mostly developed on a strategy aligned with long delays between control changes such as refining and the actual production of paper on the paper machine. Paper machines are designed with large capacities in their approach systems to ensure that "fast" changes are removed or, at least, moderated. This "steady-as-she-goes" approach is slowly changing but must be re-evaluated once real time performance measurement is introduced to the paper machine.
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