A review on the methods of parentage and inbreeding analysis with molecular markers

摘要

In horse populations there is a great concern for pedigree. Genetic markers are commonly used for exclusion procedures to assess the right sire and dam of the foal. However pedigree information is limited because the total genetic history of an animalor a population can not be traced from the beginning. In this paper we try to review how genetic markers can help us to overcome these difficulties. Formulae in the literature for estimating F from the state of markers consider the two causes that makesorting two genes alike. They are either identical by descent or alike in state. All authors agree that estimators for pairwise relatedness or individual inbreeding coefficients need a lot of independent co-dominant marker loci where alleles are balancedin frequencies in order to reach a minimum accuracy in estimations. In this perspective the development of a kit of SNP satisfying these conditions would be-a tool of great interest to address the problems connected with parentage inbreeding and geneticdiversity in horse populations where the good management of pedigree information appears insufficient to do it properly.