Summary: The authors describe a rare case of Perimortem Cesarean Section, performed on an ambulance in anexternal hospital emergency call, with survival of the fetus in the immediate future and a year from the event(without neurological deficiencies). This fact is analyzed both from a legal (according to the Italian law) andethical-deontological aspect. In particular: the behaviour of a non specialist in obstetrics in a non-hospitalenvironment, the role of international guidelines (conceived for the intra-hospital environment) and the valuegiven to the evaluation of the chances of the mother’s survival are analyzed. The authors, in accordance withinternational guidelines, affirm that the fetus survival is strictly related to the mother’s life, thus consider it apriority to make sure that the mother gets all the cures recommended by the protocol, saving the PerimortemCaesarean Section in a non-hospital environment in those cases in which the evaluation of the mother’s chancesto survive are equal or close to zero (emphasis on the attempt to save the fetus) or to those cases in which theevacuation of the fetus could re-establish the mother’s cardio-circulatory activity (attempt to save both themother and the fetus).
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