Deposition and Immersion Mode Nucleation of Ice by Three Distinct Samples of Volcanic Ash

摘要

The depositional and immersion mode ice nucleation efficiency of volcanic ash has been explored using a Raman microscope coupled to an environmental cell. Three separate ash samples from geographically distinct regions were specifically chosen to contain varying amounts of metal oxides and crystalline material, which could be integral factors in determining the inherent ice nucleation ability of each ash sample. Preliminary studies indicate that the samples have similar ice nucleating ability in the deposition mode. Ongoing studies are probing immersion freezing. In both cases, a range of ice active surface densities will be calculated, as well as an analysis of the effect of ash composition on ice nucleation ability.