SOCIO–ECOMOMIC PROBLEMS IN REPLACING EFFLUENT AND WASTEWATER IRRIGATED VEGETABLES AND SUMMER CROPS BY NONFRUIT BEARING TREES (CASE STUDY : KASHAF RUD, MSHHAD, IRAN)

摘要

The problem of Polluted vegetables irrigated with Mashhad wastewater is an issue of social dialog among the people, Mashhad Authorities and newspapers now a days. According to the reports, the non treated wastewater used for irrigation of vegetables is in fact not suitable for irrigation because of the pollution load of biological and chemical matters in such waters. A working group established by the Khorassan government to solve the problem, proposed a project: switching to tree plantation instead of vegetables as an urgent and contemporary solution. Government authorities have guaranteed a loan for farmers who change their plantation using wastewater to produce non-fruit trees instead of vegetables. They are also promised cooperation for further supports as to find market for trees products. Amayesh consulting company (ATSCO) who has performed a social survey on this project, believes that farmers producing vegetables (using wastewater) have a good and immediate market in Mashhad for their products while a market for the sale of wood or other non eatable products is not so easy and no guarantee is given to them for immediate sale of their wood products. So to attract the agreement of farmers to shift growing vegetables irrigated by wastewater to non-fruit bearing trees, a comprehensive.