?UBIETOVA – PODLIPA DUMP-FIELD AS A SOURCE OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION

摘要

The dump-field Podlipa at abandoned Cu (Ag) deposit ?ubietova is more than 200 years old. It is situated nearby the village settlement. The heavy metal distribution is controlled by geochemical features of elements, depend on their content in rock and ore material, on their solubility, migration ability, pH/Eh conditions, presence of natural sorbents and on sorption properties. The heavy metal distribution is irregular. The dump-material show only very limited acidification potential. The present natural sorbents: hydrogoethite, illite, kaolinite, smectite, muscovite etc. dispose by free sorption capacity. The heavy metal content in the surface water and in the groundwater was studied both in the rainy as well as during the dry seasons. The water is contamined mainly by Cu, Fe, As, Sb, Zn, Cd. The speciation of arsenic and antimony proved the presence both of As3+, Sb3+ as well as the less toxic As5+, Sb5+ species. In the soil and in the dump-material generally predominates As5+ and Sb5+ species while in the water was confirmed also presence of the As3+ and Sb3+ forms. The reagents in the installed permeable Fe0-barrier (Fe chips and dolomite) seem to be after three years of activity relatively exhausted and need renewal. The results of the plant tissues comparison from the dump sites with those from the reference area articulate their degradation. The bioconcentration factor and the translocation factor indicate that the present plants are mostly excluders. As only few plant species could be considered as hyperaccumulators for several metals (Ag, Ni, Zn and Pb), which are at the studied locality not substantial, they are not suitable for phytoremediation.