"Evidence based medicine, whose philosophical origins extend back to mid- 19th century Paris and earlier, remains a hot topic for clinicians, public health practitioners, purchasers, planners, and the public .. ..The practice of evidence based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research."1 Evidence-based cytology in a related manner "is concerned with generating a reproducible, high quality and clinically relevant test result in the field of cytology."2 However, except for gynecologic cytology, human cytopathology poorly uses the highest levels of evidence-based approaches that include systematic review, meta-analysis, and randomized controlled trials in comparison to clinical medicine.
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