SOCIAL INNOVATION CAPITAL, CLUSTERS AND AN IMPORTANCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL FOR INNOVATION

摘要

According to so called Lisbon strategy there was an objective for EU to be the most global competitive knowledge-based economy in the world (to 2010). The reality as we can see in the most recent Eurochambers Time distance study 2007 is different: (1) the US reached the current EU level of GDP per capita in 1985 - EU is 21 years behind with US! (2) the EU25 current employment rate as well as the level of investment in R&D were reached by the US in 1978 - EU is 28 years behind with US! (3) the EU25 current level of productivity (expressed in GDP per employed) was reached by the US in 1989 - EU is 17 years behind with US! It is not optimistic and perhaps it manifests that Lisbon targets were originally from the beginning unrealistic.