The Key Challenges for Optimization of a Tight Gas Field Developments Using a Multidomain Integrated Process: Application in a Mature and Emerging Environments (North America and Middle East)

摘要

As gas demand rises and operators turn to tight gas reservoirs for new supplies, the need to optimize the capacity and recovery potential from this type of reservoir has risen. In this environment, a multidomain integrated process enables the data and activities of multiple domains to be integrated for single-well completion optimization and field geocellular and simulation modeling. Through this process, various development scenarios for completions and drilling locations can be systematically and rigorously analyzed. Case studies from North America and the Middle East show applications of this process in two different environments, one mature and one emerging. The case from North America illustrates a use of the proposed process in a high-volume field development and the value of applying new technology to optimize the process until it reaches a “SMART”-factory-like workflow. With our new process, new technology can be integrated with adaptive modification to the factory mode. This approach will identify the development process that will result in the highest recoveries while maximizing the net present value from the asset. Alternatively, the case from the Middle East shows the application in a gas-condensate, tight gas reservoir in an emerging area. The challenge in this case is in collecting adequate necessary data early enough to plan for optimal development. Our case shows the value of collecting the key data early in a complex, tight gas environment and how early collection can impact the development later and avert costly decisions. Also, the special nature and cost of mobilization and limited equipment introduce a need for more stringent early collection of data (e.g., formation evaluation, core, fluid , geomechanics, etc.) that impacts our development before we start the project. This project illustrates the challenges of the developments in a new environment where the services and technology have not matured to the North America levels. A key conclusion of the paper is that applying the field management process in both environments (North America and the Middle East) has resulted in significant improvements in production optimization, as well as in single-well and field development planning.