Genotype x environment influence on first-cut dry matter yield stability of annual ryegrass cultivars

摘要

Dry matter yield stability of 8 annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum var. westerwoldicum Lam.) varieties at the first cut was studied in three different locations of Lithuania (Dotnuva, Joniskelis, and Perloja) during 2006-2007. Sites were on a light loam Endocalcari-Epihypo-gleyic Cambisol (Dotnuva), an Endocalcari-Epihypogleyic Cambisol (Joniskelis) and an Hapli-Albic Arenosol (Perloja). The weather conditions differed in experimental years: 2006 was droughty; in 2007 there was enough moisture. A good variety must not only give a high dry matter (DM) yield but also it should be stable, i.e. the yield must be high in different growing environments. Genotype had significant (P < 0.05) effect on DM yield under all weather conditions in different locations. The varieties 'Rapid' and 'Elunaria' produced the highest DM yield at the first cut in both years at all three locations (1.56 and 1.43 Mg ha~(-1) in 2006; 1.56 and 1.15 Mg ha~(-1) in 2007) and there was low variance of stability (0.004 and 0.032)compared with the standard Lithuanian variety 'Varpe'. The variety 'Pollanum' produced the lowest DM yield in both years (0.92 Mg ha~(-1) in 2006, and 0.85 Mg ha~(-1) in 2007). The varieties 'Rapid' and 'Elunaria' gave the highest DM yield at the first cut under different environmental conditions.